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Video 5 of 17
Executive control
Keeping a goal in mind while the next steps change.
Preparing the animation…
The highlights illustrate contributing systems. The precise mechanisms in ADHD are still being investigated.
Sources and model credits
Sources checked September 2026. Studies differ in age, methods and populations; their relevance is explained in Technical Detail. Everyday examples illustrate a process rather than a measured brain response.
- Boonstra and colleagues (2005) — adult executive-function meta-analysis
- Dosenbach and colleagues (2008) — two interacting control networks
- Fuermaier and colleagues (2013) — planning and prospective memory in adults
- Cognitive differences among adults with ADHD (2015)
- NICE NG87 — individual environmental adjustments and ADHD support
Anatomical surface adapted from Brain Project, Z-Anatomy / BodyParts3D, © DBCLS and contributors. Adapted geometry: CC BY-SA 4.0. Three.js: MIT licence.
Narration: Emma (Kokoro bf_emma). The recording is included in this file and plays offline.